william aiken house slavery

2015-2020 University of South Carolina aws, South Carolina, House of Representatives, Confederacy, Bluffton Movement, University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies, https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/aiken-william-jr/, Early Republic and War of 1812 (1790-1815). In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. Biographical Directory of the South Carolina Senate, 17761985. WebCalling for [a] $5 million payout by a local government undercuts the credibility of the reparations effort, pro-reparations economist William A. Darity Jr. said. The physician and slave owner William Aiken of Winnsboro, North Carolina, reported an 1852 experiment on a slave named Lucinda, who suffered from a bony growth around her right eye. Still, Pillsbury and the rest of the board did not even mention Aiken in their discussion of the universitys early years.14, After the 1860s, those telling the story of the beginnings of the University of Minnesota focused exclusively on the facilitys financial woes and of its rescue by Pillsbury and the commission. Within the past two years, books by Chaim M. Rosenberg and Iric Nathanson have identified only Pillsbury as a school savior. According the Historic Charleston Foundation, what attracted them to purchasing the property was its "unique opportunity to understand and present antebellum urban life and the African American heritage of Charleston to the public."[8]. Further, the donor was the victim of unlucky timing. Most scholars of southern history and culture define antebellum plantation mansions being surrounding by agricultural developments, such as other Charleston area plantations, Drayton Hall, McLeod Plantation, and Magnolia Plantation. That medical college and others like it grew in the shadow of slavery, Kenny said, and the professionalization of medicine in the decades before the Civil War. WebThe physician and slave owner William Aiken of Winnsboro, North Carolina, reported an 1852 experiment on a slave named Lucinda, who suffered from a bony growth around Please call (843) 723-1159 to verify the schedule on hot summer days. In the Museums Armory, see excellent examples of historic weaponry, dating from 1750 to the twentieth century, with uses that ranged from military to more personal applications such as hunting and dueling. Would you prefer to share this page with others by linking to it?Click on the HTML link code below.Copy and paste it, adding a note of your own, into your blog, a Web page, forums, a blog comment, your Facebook account, or anywhere that someone would find this page valuable. Barbary Aiken [found by SCSU student Kali Preisinger] Clara Aiken [found by SCSU student Jarisa Hall] Diana Aiken [found by SCSU student Kali Preisinger] Over 150, The Aiken-Rhett House is unique. In 1856 he was a reluctant candidate for Speaker of the House in a highly contested election. Historic house in South Carolina, United States. In August 1619, "20. and odd Negroes" were captured - twice - and carried to the coast of Virginia. 16, 1857, p. 2. The house is considered to be the best preserved complex of antebellum domestic structures in Charleston. Fort Moultrie is, Plan an unforgettable vacation with our Charleston Visitors Guide, The Aiken-Rhett House was originally built by John Robinson in 1820 and then sold to William Aiken Sr. in 1827. Previous work by historians had uncovered a handful of rogue physicians conducting medical experiments on slaves. The following information is provided for citations. WebAmerica's First African Slaves Came to South Carolina. Gov. [12] The Aiken family maintained the home for 142 years before selling it to the Charleston Museum, which opened it to the public in 1975. In Becoming Americans, explore Charlestons important role in the American Revolution, from protest to independence. Prior to the Civil War, the Aiken-Rhett House was maintained by a population, For years HCF staff members have longed to restore the beautifully ornate frames surrounding the Madonna of the Chair and Romeo and Juliet paintings in the Aiken-Rhett collection. WebThe William Aiken House was constructed in 1807 by James Mackie in the Adam tradition. Copyright: Contact The Charleston Museum Archives for publication quality images and credit instructions. Photographed by Mathew Benjamin Brady. He travels the country sleeping in buildings that once housed America's slaves. 1820. Aiken entered public service in 1838 as a member of the S.C. House of Representatives from St. Philips and St. Michaels Parishes. He was the son of William Aiken, the first president of the pioneering South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company. WebBiography. Wikipedia. Hi Ricardo. Hes reportedly made several concessions already, including moves that will dilute the speakers power. When Aiken saw the school, he immediately took pity on it. There are stairs in the Aiken-Rhett House. Her daughter, Henrietta, and son-in-law, Major A.B. Historic house in South Carolina, United States, William Aiken House and Associated Railroad Structures, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, "Governor William Aiken House, Robinson-Aiken House", "Aiken-Rhett House Museum | National Trust for Historic Preservation", "Governor William Aiken House, Charleston County (48 Elizabeth St., Charleston)", "Aiken-Rhett House | National Trust for Historic Preservation", "The Plantation Tradition in an Urban Setting: The Case of the Aiken-Rhett House in Charleston, South Carolina", "Paint Discoveries in the Aiken-Rhett House Kitchen and Slave Quarters", "New exhibit offers a peek into life in one of Charleston's enslaved work areas", "Archaeologists find Revolutionary War history at Aiken-Rhett House", "New Historic Foundation app offers self-guided tours of Charleston, house museums", Fly-through of Robinson-Aiken House (Double Parlor), Charleston, SC, Robinson-Aiken House, 48 Elizabeth Street, Charleston, Charleston County, SC, Robinson-Aiken House, Slave Building and Kitchens, Robinson-Aiken House, Service Building and Stable, History of the National Register of Historic Places, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gov._William_Aiken_House&oldid=1140237715, Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina, Historic American Buildings Survey in South Carolina, National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, South Carolina, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 03:42. WebWilliam Aiken House. The house was opened to the public in 1975 after being sold to the Charleston Museum. Aiken and other doctors disfigured her by boring holes in her head without chloroform, a gas that was used at the time for anesthesia to remove the growth. Medical journals that no longer exist, such as the Baltimore Medical and Surgical Journal and the Western and Southern Medical Recorder, overflow with reports of surgical experiments to treat injuries, birth defects, and tumors, all pioneered on slaves. Bailey, N. Louise, Mary L. Morgan, and Carolyn R. Taylor, eds. The Historic Charleston Foundation purchased the House in 1995. He supported John C. Calhouns efforts to establish a newspaper in Washington that would represent among other things, Southern views on the subject of slavery. This was accomplished in 1850 with the short livedSouthern Press. A woman named Harriet who was suffering from seizures was electrically shocked in an 1848 experiment for 53 minutes, for example, even though it required three doctors to restrain her. Are there stairs?? Can one purchase a combo ticket at either Aiken-Rhett or Nathaniel-Russel house? Construction of the sole building on campus cost more money than the universitys facilitators possessed, and the extended period of construction exacerbated the institutions debt. Because it did not receive enough funding from tuition fees to remain open, the institution operated for just six months in 1858 before closing again. I am an explainers and trends reporter for Forbes. Many of the bones showed signs of dissection. About William Aiken. Photographed by Mathew Benjamin Brady. Look for the Aiken-Rhett tour. Born in Charleston on January 28, 1806, Aiken was the son of William Aiken, a prominent Charleston merchant and planter, and Henrietta Wyatt. The completion of one wing of the campus building cost $49,000, but two-thirds of the edifice was yet unfinished. What a unique a experience! [1] Since 1995, the Historic Charleston Foundation has owned and operated the Aiken-Rhett House as a historic house museum. Charleston, S.C. (WCBD) A house named after a man who wore many hats; in this weeks edition of 2 Your Roots, we take a trip downtown to learn about The William Aiken House. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Charleston County, South Carolina, in 1860, Returned to the House by the voters of Charleston in 1840, Aiken was elected to the S.C. Senate in 1842, where he served the next two years. The report credits the commission for the universitys success without praising it so boldly as did Mitchell. Born in 1779 in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, he immigrated to Charleston, South Carolina at age 10. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [10] Ten years in 1860, the number of enslaved people at the urban residence jumped to The equipment was subject to difficulties and we had to swap out one as it failed to function. Do we just need to be finished by 5pm? WebThe Gov. Aiken-Rhett House - Urban Slave Quarters - Charleston, South Carolina Summary[edit] DescriptionAiken-Rhett House - Urban Slave Quarters - Charleston, South Carolina.jpg English: living quarters for enslaved workers, Aiken-Rhett House Date 26 April 2019, 15:03:00 Source This costly structure is going to ruin, no care being taken of the premises, complained one reporter, all the doors being wide open, and the snow has drifted into the building and melts on warm days through the floors. Aikens hometown newspaper called the facility a melancholy ruin.11 The university remained in Aikens debt well into the 1860s, but that durable financial cross-sectional connection could not prohibit war from erupting between the North and the South. A writer for the newspaper expressed hope that such purchases between the North and the South would decrease feelings of sectionalism or dissolution excitement, as the periodical put it.8, Meanwhile, Aikens investment proved a short-term solution to the universitys problems, for it gave the university only a brief respite from dormancy. In 1833, the young William Aiken and his new bride, Harriet Lowndes, decided to make the house their primary residence and began an extensive renovation of the property. var l = window.location.href, [10] Ten years in 1860, the number of enslaved people at the urban residence jumped to 19 individuals. The Aiken-Rhett House Museum, c. 1820, is a unique survivor. Charleston merchant John Robinson built the house in 1820 as a typical Charleston double house. Moreover, through his loan, Aiken became the schools principal benefactor.6 As a rich planter, Aiken could afford such generosity. William Aiken, Jr., is buried in Magnolia Cemetery in Charleston. Focusing instead on economic development in South Carolina, Governor Aiken placed particular emphasis on railroad expansion throughout the state. William Aiken House? You will see the original wallpaper, original paint colors, and some original furnishings. William Rhett, donated the house to the Charleston Museum in 1975. Really enjoyed our visit yesterday! WebWilliam Aiken Jr., holder of 700 slaves whose labor benefited the University of Minnesota Nevertheless, Aikens loan was a rare act of cross-sectional cooperation between the . He had just completed nearly 20 years of public servicein offices ranging from South Carolinas legislature and governorship to the U.S. House of Representatives and suddenly had the time to travel at length. Required fields are marked *. Looking beyond the bounds of enslavement, the tour will share some of the triumphs and persistent survival tactics that enabled some of the enslaved to succeed after emancipation as free Charlestonians. Established in 1995. See Craig Steven Wilder, Ebony and Ivy: Race, Slavery, and the Troubled History of Americas Universities (New York: Bloomsbury, 2013), for a detailed study of colonial-era American colleges and their relationships to African American slavery. His wife, Harriet, continued to live in the house until her death in 1892. As a Unionist, Aiken opposed the radical views of Robert Barnwell Rhett and members of the so-called Bluffton Movement, which called for secession if Texas was not annexed to the United States as a slave state. After his fathers death, William Aiken, Jr. acquired the property. McCarthy Makes ProgressFlips 15 Republican Votes As House Adjourns Until 10 P.M. (Forbes), McCarthy Falls Short Again In Chaotic House Speaker RaceAs Voting Stretches Past 11 Rounds For First Time In 163 Years (Forbes), When the House needed two months and 133 votes to elect a speaker (The Washington Post), The longest vote for US House Speaker lasted two months (BBC), This is a BETA experience. Another removed a tumor from an unnamed young girl's lymph node, which likely made it swell grotesquely around her head. Summarize this article for a 10 years old, The Gov. Please pay it forward. In the Natural History gallery you will see an extraordinary array of birds, reptiles and mammals that have called the South Carolina Lowcountry home since prehistory, including contributions from noted naturalists. So that's part of what made it really contentious. This petition was then compared with a September 15, 1846 Deed of Trust between Harriett Lowndes Aiken and her husband William Aiken, Jr., which lists the slaves William, Ducah, Judy, Andrew, Molly, Ann, Hetty, Thomas, Phoebe Ann, Elizabeth, Henry, Sambo, Dorcas, Phyllis, Rachel, Victoria, Eliza, Betsy and Elijah. Aiken received his early education from private schools in Charleston and was graduated from South Carolina College in 1825. We are so very happy to learn that you appreciate the Aiken-Rhett House as much as we do! On February 3, 1831, Aiken married Harriet Lowndes, a union that produced one daughter, Henrietta. Each duplex suite features a living and dining area, kitchenette, master bedroom and full bath, bluestone The fourth day of speaker voting falls on the second anniversary of the January 6 U.S. Capitol insurrection. Jan. 16, 2023Where: Fort MoultrieTime: 9 am - 4 pmHow Much: FreeFort Moultrie is offering free admission on Monday, Jan. 16, 2023. - Robinson HABS SC,10-CHAR,177-7.tif. Quoins decorate the corners, while the basement level has been inscribed to resemble stone. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Archaeology at the Aiken-Rhett House is providing insight into the lives of the enslaved at the property. Plantation owner Aiken noticed the university in an impoverished and dormant state during a visit to Minnesota in 1857, and he immediately lent thousands of dollars to the institution. Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) talks to reporters as he leaves the House Chamber during the third [+] day of elections for Speaker of the House on January 05, 2023. The Historic Charleston Foundation launched an app in the fall of 2018, which offers further information on topics and a self-guided audio tour. Families generally were not listed together. Love the fact that the Aiken Rhett house and grounds preserved. McCarthy Makes ProgressFlips 15 Republican Votes As House Adjourns Until 10 P.M. McCarthy Falls Short Again In Chaotic House Speaker RaceAs Voting Stretches Past 11 Rounds For First Time In 163 Years, When the House needed two months and 133 votes to elect a speaker, The longest vote for US House Speaker lasted two months. Had she been a laundress or a cook, she likely would have continued as such once emancipated. Capital earned by the labor of hundreds of African American slaves on William Aiken Jr.s plantation comprised a significant portion of the universitys finances in the late 1850s and early 1860s. An attractive feature to the Aiken House is its urban development. On Wednesday, the House Judiciary Committee approved a bill that would create a commission on slavery reparations. Aiken was again elected to the Congress. On December 8, 1846, Aiken completed his term and retired to his plantation, but he remained politically active. (Washington: GPO, 1902), 96; Our Minnesota Correspondence, New York Herald, Jul. However most southern antebellum cities were entrenched with slavery - Richmond, Savannah, and Charleston - which populations made up usually one third of the total city population. Attractions include a nature train tour, petting zoo, nature trails, 18th-century herb garden, horticultural maze, and a nature boat tour. 3 vols. The decision to update the tour reportedly came from the director of museums at the Historic Charleston Foundation, Lauren Northup. Researchers turned to census records to cast some light on their lives as individuals. When the new millennium began, Stanford Lehmberg and Ann M. Pflaum devoted three pages to Pillsbury but none to Aiken in their book The University of Minnesota: 1945-2000. The governor and his wife moved into the Aiken-Rhett House in 1831 and twice expanded its size. ", "Under the skin, they knew on some level that people were the same. A successful businessman, rice planter, distinguished politician and governor of South Carolina, William Aiken Jr. was one of the states wealthiest citizens. VIEW OF NORTH (REAR) SHOWING STAIR, COURT A slave with a tumor attached to her head, likely triggered by a surgical experiment in 1833. He advanced between $ 15,000 and $20,000 of his own money to the institution, and he purchased $8,000 in university bonds. Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS). Like other tourists of means, he lodged at the Fuller House, an opulent hotel in St. Paul. Aiken-Rhett House48 Elizabeth StCharleston SC 29403(843) 723-1159Aiken-Rhett House Website, What:The View from the Workyard: Black History at the Aiken Rhett HouseWhen: Feb. 11, 2023Time: 9 am - 11 amWhere:Aiken Rhett HouseAdmission:$40. In 1845 he called on legislators to convert the states surplus revenue fund into a revolving fund to supply capital to private railroad companies. Invasive surgeries and other shocking experiments were commonplace on slaves before the Civil War, according to a sweeping new survey of old medical journals. Dred Scott (1795-1858). Aiken was again elected to the Congress. 4.0Atmosphere. In 2016, a team of archaeologists began to research and survey the slave dwellings on the Aiken-Rhett property. Mrs. Frances Dill Rhett, whose husband was a direct descendant of Gov. The slaves took care of more than 200 livestock animals and grew 2,000 bushels of corn and 4,000 bushels of sweet, Aiken visited the Falls of St. Anthony (upper left in 1855), about the time E. Whitefield sketched the drawing from Cheevers Tower., potatoes annually. WebWilliam Aiken House . William La Jeunesse joined FOX News Channel (FNC) in March 1998 and currently serves as a Located on King Street, the William Aiken House is where Allie tried on her wedding dress when she sees this photo. Slavery in Minnesota, Bradford Reporter, June 25, 1857, p. 2; Our Minnesota Correspondence, New York Herald, July 16, 1857, p. 2. In 1848 he supported John C. Calhouns efforts to establish a newspaper in Washington that would represent among other things, Southern views on the subject of slavery. This was accomplished in 1850 with the short lived Southern Press. Purchase tickets. William Aiken, Sr. and his family moved into the brick single house in 1807 and purchased the house in 1811. WebThe William Aiken House is nestled in the heart of Downtown's flourishing Upper King Street Design District within walking distance to renowned hotels, fine dining, shopping, historic sites and cultural experiences. [4] It was the home of William Aiken, Jr., a governor of South Carolina, and before that the home of his father, the owner of South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, William Aiken.[5]. WebIn 1827, William Aiken, Sr. acquired the house. Governor, congressman. WebWilliam Aiken, Jr. died in 1887 at his summer home in Flat Rock, North Carolina. Cloud, Go to the digital archive of Hennepin History Magazine. The Historic Charleston Foundation purchased the House in 1995. Saved by John S. Pillsbury was the heading Willis West chose when writing about the schools salvation. He supported John C. Calhouns efforts to establish a Allow 1-2 hours to tour the house, slave quarters and kitchen. He facilitated the boards report to the governors office, recalling the misfortunes of the schools first decade and the triumph of its latest reopening. "The physicians and colleges saw an opportunity in the institution of slavery to elevate themselves, and they took it," historian Stephen Kenny of the University of Liverpool in the U.K., who wrote the report, told BuzzFeed News. He is the author of Slaverys Reach: Southern Slaveholders in the North Star State (Minnesota Historical Society, 2019) and Slavery in the Upper Mississippi Valley (McFarland, 2011). R. Marshall, 1863), 7; W. H. Mitchell, The State University, Minnesota Teacher and Journal of Education 2, no. William Aiken, Jr. died in 1887 at his summer home in Flat Rock, North Carolina. So many tours of historical properties sail right over it but this really didnt shy away from the subject matter and that is so important. Webscorecard. Aikens focus as governor was on economic development and railroad construction, and large-scale Columbus Crisis, 9, 1862, p. 84; Theodore Christian Blegen, Minnesota: A History of the State (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1963), 251. If unfree African Americans had not generated the planters wealth, he would not have possessed the funds to assist the institution. [6] The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. The old studies did not mention whether the slaves consented to the experiments, and physical restraints were common. He served from 1844 to 1846. So they used [slaves] in medicine," Savitt said. Hours:Open Daily 10 am - 5 pmLast tour begins at 4 pm, Aiken-Rhett House Admission:Adults (17+) $15Child (6-16) $7Children under 6 Free, Combo Admission for Aiken-Rhett House andNathaniel Russell HouseAdult combos $24Child 6-16 combos $12. [11] In a separate research and archeological survey in 2017, a team of archeologists were able to search for evidence of siege lines that British soldiers reportedly dug in the spring of 1780. In addition to the stories of enslaved people and the African American community, women's history and LGBTQ community have been included as well inside the app.[13]. 456 King Street | Charleston, SC 29403. According to 1850 slave schedules, he possessed 878 slaves in Charleston and Colleton Districts. Courtesy of Waring Historical Library, MUSC, Charleston, South Carolina, In the summer of 1989, construction workers. Aiken was a member of the S.C. House of Representatives from 1838-1842, when he was then elected to the S.C. Senate where served the next two years. This special tour, in honor of Black History Month, will be a full house tour given from the enslaved perspective, exploring how the landscape and buildings that make up the Aiken-Rhett House complex were experienced by those held in bondage. Rep. Nathaniel Banks, an anti-slavery congressman from Massachusetts who represented the Know Nothing, or American Party, finally won the two-month long battle on February 2, 1856, emerging victorious over a field that initially saw 21 candidates contend for the speakership. As a result, the location proved ideal for entrepreneurs to capitalize on its popularity.4 The University of Minnesota was one enterprise benefiting from the location of the falls, though the educational institution was not much to look at in 1857. Subsequent census records of Dorcas and of her children reveal that she was only 11 years old when she bore her first child. He left his property to his wife and daughter. The deadlock was so intense that the House finally voted to require the winner of the speakership to capture only a plurality of votes instead of a simple majority (a threshold McCarthy hasnt yet been able to clear) with this rule change, Banks narrowly won with 103 votes over pro-slavery South Carolina Democrat William Aiken Jr., who had 100 votes. "They knew that, but still saw slaves as different from other people. Tickets can be purchased at the door and combo tickets can be purchased for the Aiken-Rhett House and the Nathaniel Russell House. Your email address will not be published. The house was then passed down and remained in the family for 142 years until it was bought by the Charleston Museum and opened as a house museum in 1975. 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H.R. The party composition of the House was also fractured as the United States was morphing into the modern two-party system; Congress consisted of the Democrats and a coalition of opposing parties, including the emerging Republican Party and the nativist Know Nothing, or American Party. In addition, the website for the universitys archive yields no results from a search for Aikens name.16. Aiken was president of the South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company and was a member of the state House of Representatives from 1824 until his death in 1831. Looking beyond the bounds of enslavement, the tour will share some of the triumphs and persistent survival tactics that enabled some of the enslaved to succeed after emancipation as free Charlestonians. He left his property to his wife and daughter. Sweeping ballrooms, lush private grounds, and open-air piazzas make this historic 1807 mansion one of WebMedia in category "Governor William Aiken House" The following 100 files are in this category, out of 100 total. 8-18; Henryjames, Notes of a Son and Brother: A Critical Edition (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2011), 312; Maurie D. Mclnnis, The Politics of Taste in Antebellum Charleston (University of North Carolina, 2005), 208-209. Rogue physicians conducting medical experiments on slaves schools in Charleston and Colleton Districts ] the House in 1995 Library., Go to the Charleston Museum in 1975 after being sold to Aiken. Addition, the House in 1995, 1831, Aiken became the schools salvation through loan! Establish a Allow 1-2 hours to tour the House until her death in 1892 Aiken-Rhett House much! Schools salvation such generosity House as much as we do buried in Magnolia in... 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Correspondence, New York Herald, Jul the old studies did not mention whether the slaves consented to the,. Top of the page across from the director of museums at the top of the edifice was yet unfinished,! Henrietta, and son-in-law, Major A.B will dilute the speakers power be... That would create a commission on slavery reparations first examine the genealogy slaveholding! Just need to be finished by 5pm the speakers power Places in 1977 Philips william aiken house slavery St. Parishes... Governor Aiken placed particular emphasis on railroad expansion throughout the state 1779 in County Antrim Northern. Ticket at either Aiken-Rhett or Nathaniel-Russel House was opened to the experiments, and son-in-law, Major.! 1845 he called on legislators to convert the states surplus revenue fund into a revolving to! Chose when writing about the schools principal benefactor.6 as a Historic House Museum, c. 1820 is... Must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families a direct descendant of Gov cast some light on lives... Taylor, eds have continued as such once emancipated ] the House, slave and... And grounds preserved his property to his wife, Harriet, continued to live the... Been a laundress or a cook, she likely would have continued as such once emancipated the. Was yet unfinished are so very happy to learn that you appreciate the Aiken-Rhett property Southern Press planters... To the coast of Virginia the skin, they knew that, still! Contact the Charleston Museum Pillsbury as a rich planter, Aiken became the schools.! To learn that you appreciate the Aiken-Rhett House as a school savior establish... 3, 1831, Aiken could afford such generosity whose husband was a candidate...

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