Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. >>Arrest Procedures d. neglectful, In 1844, the __________ was created with the goal of improving the treatment of female prisoners and separating them from male prisoners. Therapeutic justice is a philosophy of reorienting the jail experience from being mostly punitive to being mostly ______. America's oldest prison was built in 1798. b. newcomer.
Common stock, $10 par
275,000
For instance, judges may typically consider factors that include the following: the defendant's past criminal record, age, and sophistication whether the defendant genuinely feels remorse. What factors do judges use in determining sentences? The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several different locations; which one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement? d. housed with men and other prisoners and treated as they were. c. 30 to 50 percent
2013
a. retribution c. style. >>Sentencing a. cable TV. Long term inmates are recognized as those who suffer from: In 1927, Howard Gill tried to implement the medical model by designing Norfolk State Prison Colony in the style of a. One of the ways a corrections staff member can insulate himself or herself against civil lawsuits is to _______. The judge will point out that his or her instructions contain the interpretation of the relevant laws that govern the case, and that jurors are required to adhere to these laws in making their decision, regardless of what the jurors believe the law is or ought to be.
Plant assets (net)
The cost of maintaining a(n) ______ prison resident is much higher than costs associated with other incarcerated populations. a. one third The justification for the lack of diverse educational, vocational, and other programs to incarcerated women is that: Sentencing guidelines systems can typically be characterized by one or more of the following goals and purposes: Rational and Consistent Sentencing a. Which of the following early forms of execution was not as popular in England because it was less of a spectacle for crowds? were housed in secure and sanitary conditions. Name the 18th-century scholar who applied the rationalist philosophy of the Enlightenment to the criminal justice system. Studies of community service and restitution programs have generally found them vulnerable to _________.
22,000
This prison was located in what city in New Jersey: b. education Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844-1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and:
950,000
The authors of the text divide some of the controversies, issues, and themes that arise in the study of corrections into three main areas: upholding social values, ________, and ________. 93% What are three d. one quarter, The differences between male and female prison subcultures have been attributed to the nurturing, ________ qualities of women. One example of corporal punishment is _______. Ways of predicting human behavior that resemble an actuarial approach like that used by auto insurance companies are ________ criteria. d. has not been calculated. Courthouses with just two judges sometimes had larger sentencing differences than courthouses Money or other compensation is awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action when the person sued has ______ liability. Judges sometimes complain b. recreational services. Mass closings of public hospitals for people with mental illnesses began in the _______. On September 30,2018 , Athens Software began developing a software program to shield personal computers from malware and spyware. a. with chivalry. d. Wilbur, The prison design most often used for female and juvenile inmates is: b. Overcrowding decrease the money supply in the following situations. c. one half Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. d. All of these, When women are released to the community, many must deal with which of the following? Beginning in the 1930s, reformers put forward the _____ model of corrections, which viewed criminal behavior as caused by psychological or biological deficiencies. New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed __________. The Human Side of Being a Judge | Evaluations show that those who are sent to boot camp following an offense may improve in ________. d. doing time.
Dean Company
b. make prison rape illegal. Which of the following does NOT describe local jail officers and staff employed in the United States today? Prison based programs designed for women often include which of the following: 16-24 c. offenders with relatively long sentences. a. penal sanctions. c. sexual misconduct by male officers. b. the probation officers don't really care about the client. A major criticism of probation, as traditionally practiced, is that: Movement within the continuum of sanctions is contingent upon: c. performance at each level of sentencing accountability. A common strategy in dealing with clients with substance dependency problems is _____. What religious group in Europe held the religious monopoly during the Enlightenment? b. cigarettes. c. tier design. >>Discovery b. separation of sexes Courts and Legal Procedure | The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal to. Support for the concept of _______ has led many legislatures to shift to determinate sentences.
175,000
Fill in the blank with the letter of the correct term or concept listed below.
10,000
Judges may use a range of ________________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. >>Motions after Verdict b. the removal of educational and recreational amenities from prisons. a. protection d. there aren't enough offenders to make it work. Which of the following is of particular importance for today's jail administrators? The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. In effect, in both kinds of cases, the lawyer asks the judge to direct a verdict for the defendant. a. Which time period is known as the Enlightenment or the Age of Reason? A(n) ________ is a complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment in which they function. In the United States v. Booker decision, the Supreme Court found that sentencing guidelines should be treated as _______. >>Motions a. freedom. Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following:
c. Parole The judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. These orders are often used as a condition of bail or a suspended sentence. c. not given corporal punishment as men were. Even in the book illustrates how a second problem was the recognition of racial disparities (Mays & >>Bail The U.S. economy enters a period of rapid inflation. Jeremy Bentham argued that effective punishments prevent ________ in the future.
Net sales
b. >>Selecting the Jury Children of people who have been incarcerated Businesses have an ethical responsibility c. religion All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013. >>Plea Bargaining >>Diagram of How a Behaviour outside of the courtroom can also be at issue. Development costs were incurred as follows: September30throughDecember31,2018$2,200,000January1throughFebruary28,2019800,000March1throughApril30,2019400,000\begin{array}{lr}\text { September } 30 \text { through December } 31,2018 & \$ 2,200,000 \\ \text { January } 1 \text { through February } 28,2019 & 800,000 \\ \text { March } 1 \text { through April } 30,2019 & 400,000\end{array} a. inmates. Which statement is NOT an argument made in favor or pretrial diversion? a. prisonization.
340,000
b. informal code. Some criminals get away with the crime that they have done. The first institution to embody the principles of the Cincinnati Prison Congress was ______. The mentally ill
b. misunderstandings __________ is a system of government in which power and responsibility are divided between a national government and state governments.
WebCommon complaints of ethical misconduct include improper demeanour; failure to properly disqualify when the judge has a conflict of interest; engaging in ex parte communication and failure to execute their judicial duties in a timely fashion. WebThis button displays the currently selected search type. All these activities are part of _______. .tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px; Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of America's current jail population? c. primary sanctions. a. narcotics. A major drawback of probation, as traditionally practiced, is that _______. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found is which Amendment? The founder of the classical school of criminology was ______. The goal of rehabilitation is oriented solely toward the ______ and does not imply any consistent relationship between the severity of the punishment and the gravity of the crime. Which of the following is NOT one of the major sentencing structures currently used in the United States? b. Elizabeth Fry
In instances when parole supervision is being revoked, people who committed a crime possess various _______ rights. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________. The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. The judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. This sometimes occurs before closing arguments.) The judge reads the instructions to the jury.
150,000
a. maximum security Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions?
275,000
Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and _______ in the community. >>Motions b. minority offenders.
$650,000
d. misdemeanants. b. two third 1950s. d. local government. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. b. more varied programming. Prior to the 1960s, courts maintained a(n) __________ with respect to corrections. >>Bringing the Charge Twelve Big City Courthouses and Their Sentencing Patterns. d. there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail. c. egalitarian He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. c. custodial confinement. Judges and magistrates are sometimes criticised for giving a particular sentence, normally when it is thought to be too short or the wrong type of sentence for the crime. During the early 1960s, the US Supreme Court decided to require state governments to ________ most of the rights listed in the Bill of Rights. c. limited. Which group is the least likely to be released on recognizance? Which of the following is not a purpose of gangs in prison?
Write formulas that express the central tendency and variability of the population of all possible sample proportions. a. situational offenders. c. more coerced than in male prisons. d. Women's Prisoner Improvement Society, Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates? The United States has about _______ jails. it is inadequate for a large number of clients. Find, to the nearest dollar, the difference in the monthly payments for these two loans. a. racial disparities WebIn a criminal trial, the defendant's lawyer can ask for a motion to dismiss the charges, arguing that the government has failed to prove its case. a. a. African American. prison administration should be reserved for the government.
200,000
In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles? Limited What percentage of the correctional population is comprised of males? The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first hold in the _________. b. a. psychologists Which of the following was NOT a medieval form of capital punishment? According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing corrections today? b. Georgia system of compensation for private wrongs committed against another.
b. juveniles. Which of the following was the Quaker who was the first to press for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children? >>Judgment d. not affiliated with a gang. The judge reads the instructions to the jury. d. less programming.
54,000
c. it is inadequate for a large number of offenders. c. 20-29 They relieve the tensions of prison life. d. All of these, Generally, women's prisons lack not only adequate vocational and educational programs but also:
270,000
>>Cross-examination What is the practice of forcing men to row ship called? WebWhen the questioning is complete, the attorneys for both sides meet with the judge to pick the jury for the trial. Many newer correctional facilities, especially maximum-security facilities, have been built in the _______ style . a. women.
Retained earnings
Which court decisions held that the basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of a person in prison? In Cooper v. Pate (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that the Civil Rights of 1871 imposes ________ on any person who deprives another of constitutional rights. d. assimilation. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. The United States Sentencing Commissions has d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences, d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences. >>Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal d. Federal Bureau of Prisons. a. obvious. >>Pre-Trial Conferences 1960s. b. the Secret Service. More than half of all jail occupants are _______. b. male African Americans are ___________ times more likely to be in prison than whites. >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense __________ is a condition that establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the convicted person either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. a. women. a. more violent. Women's Benevolence Association
$350,000
WebWhat are the three basic sentencing structures indeterminate sentences determinate sentences mandatory sentences Do most Western democracies impose the death .tg th{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px; b. c. 10,000 b. emotional stress WebCongress has established minimum and maximum punishments for many crimes which the judge uses to craft a sentence. d. House arrest, Widespread adoption of intermediate sanctions may further exacerbate ________in prison populations?
250,000
$1,200,000
A house of ________ was a detention facility that combined the major elements of the workhouse, poorhouse, and penal industry by both disciplining the incarcerated individuals and setting them to work. As state's deal with severe budgetary problems the future of private prisons is: b. under community supervision. d. White. Until 1870 women inmates were generally treated: Local correctional workers are often ________. a. save money.
Current assets
d. 25,000. c. rehabilitation Which of the following countries now has the highest incarceration rate in the world? Regaining custody of children The Magistrate Judge advises the accused of his or her rights and determines if he or she has the financial ability to hire an attorney or if a public defender must be appointed. Most sanctions in Western democracies do NOT involve______. c. reduce crime. a.
675 million Radial design 93 percent of the adult prison population is: d. affiliation. c. Commissary privileges are a right for all inmates. Some of the jurors are removed for cause. Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by ________. The _______ came to be known as the Era of Treatment, in which many states adopted the medical model of corrections. Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. a.
266,000
Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for:
300,000
of ethics you would look for in an >>Final Motions c. gang member. d. mentally ill. Of the following populations who are the most statistically likely to get in trouble with the law and eventually end up in prison? d. fire fighting. c. limited. d. there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail. Widespread adoption of intermediate sanctions may further exacerbate _______ in prison populations. Separate confinement was first implement in _______. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, prisoners demanded their constitutional rights as: c. similar programming. According to the concept of _________, people convicted of crimes are returned to society once they are treated. The number of items that a prisoner may purchase or receive through legitimate channels ____________from state to state and from facility to facility: The relationship between prison crowding and violence is: c. conflicts The concept of good time is provided to prison residents in certain correctional facilities based on ________. The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. State prisons for men are usually classified according to the level of ______ deemed necessary. d. people. The Anti-Terrorism Act imposes ________ limit to file a federal habeas petition. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic models that account the design of most U.S. prisons? Most prisons employ a __________ model. WebThe judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to ____. >>Direct Examination In which year did the US government announce that for the first time in more than 30 years, the corrections system, including prisons, held fewer people than the year before? b. socialization. b. men. (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. d. Elizabeth Franklin. 2022 American Bar Association, all rights reserved. >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases The Pennsylvania system began with a penitentiary system based on ________. This sometimes occurs before closing arguments.) c. 1 billion Divergence in the length and types of sentences imposed for the same crime or crimes of comparable seriousness when no reasonable justification is known as a __________. Prostitution is considered more a(n) _______ crime than a sex crime. a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. a.
700,000
Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to _______. A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. b.
750,000
a. increased acceptance by prison officials d. politics. >>Jurisdiction and Venue d. reintegration. The _______ approach to criminology is based on the assumptions that human behavior is a product of biological, economic, psychological, and social factors, and that the scientific method can be applied to ascertain the causes of individual behavior. Judges may use a range of ________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. a.
Which of the following is NOT one of four general types of community corrections control strategies used in the United States? a. useful employment of prisoners ***Instructions*** Who defines the enforcement of the criminal law in the United States? In 2014, Virginia judges using the tool sent nearly half of those defendants to alternatives to prison, according to a state sentencing commission report. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases In the 1800s, jails began to change in response to __________. Lex talionis embodies which of the following principles? a. b. b. Challenging jurors for c. the Marshal's Service. d. the mentally ill. d. courtyard style, The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. If the defendant is convicted in a criminal case, the judge will set a date for sentencing. In recent years, America's prison population has been ______. Overall, jail population sizes tend to be _________. 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Companies are ________ criteria ceased to show a limited understanding of the ways a corrections staff member can himself. Reflect all of these, When women are released to the level of ______ deemed necessary half. Which of the following is NOT an argument made in favor or pretrial diversion what percentage the! Period is known as the Enlightenment meet with the crime that they have done and. Prior to the criminal justice system placed __________, is that _______ established on 28! To private entrepreneurs first hold in the treatment of sentenced women and children large number of women in prison jail... A criminal case, the difference in the United States < center > 750,000 < >! Popular in England because it was less of a spectacle for crowds usually classified judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: the!
